Geotechnical engineers utilize a critical role in recognizing subsurface groundwater voids, which incur significant challenges to the stability and performance of structures. These hidden cavities can stem from various causes, such as geological formations, dissolution, or human interventions. Utilizing a suite of investigative techniques, includi
Subsurface voids pose significant challenges to geotechnical stability. Accurately locating these voids is crucial for ensuring the safety of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole analysis, can be expensive and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground wave velocity analysis
Geophysical exploration plays a crucial role in the identification and characterization of potential mineral orebodies. By employing various physical methods, geologists can probe beneath the Earth's surface to localize subsurface structures and anomalies indicative of mineral richness. These geophysical techniques often involve the recording of p